Tuesday 18 December 2012

TASK 3 - Historical text

Asian Dub Foundation - Rebel Warrior - 1995



Analysis :
kids - > representing the future generations
running freedom
south asian instrumentals/ back up vocals
all ethnicities and genders
"100 years of rependence"
Lyrics : "I'll be sowing the seeds of community,Accomodating every colour every need"
"Yes the unity of the Hindu and the Muslim will end your tyranny"
song is based on politically and metaphorically called for Indians to oppose British colonialism removing the imitation of British ideals and ideas from the country and returning to more traditional ways
(*) How society and the issue you are investigating has changed over the years and how these changes are reflected in different media texts, or - to put it another way...

There is now more equality for ethnic minorities as society has no become more inclusive and as a multi-cultural society;
The song discusses the racial violence and inequality in their British communities which has now changed and developed overtime. However it can be said that British communities still stick to their 'kind' and ethnicities rather than integrating with different communities, perhaps there still underlying signs of racism in some areas due to the post colonial attiudes of immigration.

Their lyrics in the song  call for radical political harmony , as they use their music as an organizing tool for cultural politics, endorsing righteousness, social change, and an end to what they perceive as oppression in the UK.... again reinforcing the post colonial and recial attitudes at the time in the UK

The song also pursues the issue of the politicisation of the category "Asian," and asserting the legitimacy of having an Asian identity in the hip-hop world. They redefine the "Asian" category by reconnecting it with an anti-colonial history, as well a current, existing anti-racist struggle.
The Asian dub foundation did this by trying to disruption in the racial/ethnic boundaries of hip hop and break the sterotypical 'black' ethnicity being the only minority to be bound to hiphop
This shows the issue of Asians trying to be recognised in the hip hop world/ music industry which currently is a struggle with the lack of British Asians in the mainstream music industry and can be reconeccted with the struggles of the 90's and the historical colonial attitudes.


The attempt to join different minorities and overcome the racist inequalities of the 90's is also highlighted in the text, which can be seen to have changed in the current 21's century as minorties not only join as one but also work together, marry together and etc .

(*)How popular culture reflects the 'spirit of the age' or zeitgeist
At the time the popular culture, mood / 'spitit of the age' was about :
British
anti-racism campaigns
Political harmony
Equality for the minorities
Social change
Breaking boundries of music etc
Uniting all ethnicities and communities
(*)How is it similar/different to your main text?

It is simmilar in the way that it show that asians are now emerging or at most trying to emerge into the hip hop genre and now music is mixing and combining together. This emphasises that now boundaries are being broken as seen by Jay Sean who has now broke the boundries of  mainstream hiphop artists mainly being of a'black' ethnicity as he has now broken into the American mainstream hip hop music industry. Perhaps Jay Sean has finnaly achieved somethign tha the Asian Dub Foundation was trying to achieve in the 1990's.
However both texts are different by the zeitgeist of the time thatboth texts are established in. Asian Dub Foundation reflected the time of inequality and racial stuggles while jay sean now represents the  youth and embracement of pluralism and cultural diversity within the music industry.

(*)How does this show how the genre/society/issue has changed?

This shows how now music genres are more free and .....................
.....
...
.
.


Asian Dub Foundation : Research :

In their song, "Strong Culture", they assert their authenticity as legitimate Asian hip-hop artists, contrary to other popular claims.The line from the song, "I'm not a Black man / This time it's an Asian." likens back to when Asians were considered "Black" by some in the United Kingdom (UK) and often were part of that musical scene as Asian music had not fully emerged yet.
Some more lyrics from 'Strong Culture' =
Some fear the white man
Some fear the ku klux klan
Emphasising the historical context of their music and their message.

Chandrasonic is a founder member of the Asian Dub Foundation (ADF) and has been fighting injustice through music for over a decade. He believes artists like him need to be vocal and heard by the masses.

Despite being one of the most politically aware bands around, Asian Dub Foundation are not a political band, says Steve 'Chandrasonic' Savale

ADF talk not only about racism and the experience of Asians in Britain, but are concerned with wider issues of social justice. Their outlook is informed by their continued involvement with campaigning and educational groups. Their music is also intended to encourage peoples' own creativity.
....
the song is significance to the Indian independence movement and because of its place in Indian traditional culture and its powerful and unifying lyrics.
The poem which the song is based on politically and metaphorically called for Indians to oppose British colonialism,by physically taking the government back and by removing the imitation of British ideals and ideas from the country and returning to more traditional ways

It speaks out against neo-colonialism, both in England and East Asia, while also expanding the message to oppose modern racism in post-colonial England and the Western world in general.

Tuesday 11 December 2012

TASK #1 TEXTUAL ANALYSIS

TASK #1 TEXTUAL ANALYSIS


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNJNlhfLr6A



`Released on 8 September 2003, is the debut single an Asian Underground song, which was Sean's debut single

Jay Sean - Dance With You

At beggining of the video the artists have  introductions to their names - "Jay sean ,Risi Rich ,Juggy D"

It also specifiies that it is set in the "UK" -> sepcififying the genre and country emphasising that it is a British asian genre.
The setting is near flats /suburbs near shutters / shops which gives the video a urban feel to the video.

 They own a dj set/ speakers set up therefore reinforcing the  independent and low budget side to underground music and of the Asian music industry - at scene 0:25.

 The editing and shots relate to a cctv camera and gives shorts as if it is recorded by cctv, this may connote the fact that it might be illegal. and gives a underground scene feel to the video 0:10.

Jay sean is with his mates who are of the same ethnicity of him 'indian' 1:25 - he having a laugh with his mates and enjoying himself unlike in the video of I'm all yours where it seems scripted and forcesd to have to be friends and work with Pitbull as a artist .

 The propps used of an microphone show the lack of techjnology and gives a traditional old feel .

Jay sean is wearing a sikh religious symbol on wrist kara perhaps may show he is in touch with religion and proud of his ethnicity.

However unlike the Im all yours video, he is not wearing any materialist jewlary such as chains, rings , sunglasses etc. .

The setting is re-emphasised by the ghetto like setting with kids on bikes, also the street performance which Jay sean and his friends are performing - is significant - perhaps it connotes that you have to go through alot to get recognised in the asian industry or even that it  attracting everyone all ethnicities/ genders , mix cultured society as most people within the video are of all non white together perhaps highlighting post conolonial attitudes.

Within the video we see jay sean singing to girl and walking around girl which may symbolise role reversal of jay sean seducing the girl to try and get her.

The song style and genre of music is a mixture  of bhangra/ english/rap music - mixture of all genres pehraps could attract a wider audeicne and help them become mroe well known.

The lyrics within the chorus are the following : "i just wanna dace with you" which quite innocent and naive on approaching women, in comparision to his approach and wording in Im all yours.

Jay sean rapping himself  in comparision to another artist which can be once again compared to the Im all yours video where he has pitbull as a featured artist as the rapper.

On one of the scene in 1:24 a girl stops her car for him  comes out of the car rather than him and it can signify a role reversal - girl comes out car and towards him.

Another element which highlights the setting and genre is street dancing which gives it a urban feel . Jay sean is wearing a tshirt + hoodie  casual clothingarmy hoodie -> ironic in a sense in the language of punjabi a 'foji' = a army soldier and in slang UK terms a ‘Freshie’ and ‘foji’  relates to a person who is ‘illegally immigrated from India

Takes the hoodie off -> attracting the girl in 1:07 - arms - hairy in comaparision to 0:25 of Im all yours video  removale of arm hair showing he is  more concerned on apperance in the mainstream music industry.

He calls himself as a "crews " with his friends asian mates who are dancing  -bhangra traditional form of dancing, relating to their culture and Asian feel/ genre,

The lighitng dark gloomy underground lighting
jay translates in english



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tog4FpNCjQ0

"I'm All Yours"  was officially released to US radio on May 22, 2012 is a R&B-hip-hop song by British artist Jay Sean

Jay Sean- Im all yours ft Pitbull

"miami fi "mentions the area the editing seems like it is typed up simmilar to as like a action movie connoting a  hollywood feel to the video.

The setting of an exotic location miami / and the  boat party perhaps may be  over exaggerated, the birds eye view is seen in the scenes 0:00-0:05. Jay sean reffers to himself and Pitbull as "pit + jay" -> in comparision to the intro of Jay Sean in the video of Dance with You - the  nicknames can connote that they are , well known, so their full names are not needed.

 The cars parked up and of the doors purposely open can give a  materialistic feel and a sense of Jay sean , showing off about his wealth.

Americanisation is seen throught the video. Jay seans says that "where you at bruv....girls everywhere" bruv- shows his slang colloquial language that he uses in the USA perhaps connoting that he is trying to fit in.

Jay sean is wearing a black t-shirt in the heat  in compasrison to everyone else , therfore he stand out as not the norm  as in the heat in miami black obsorbes heat and makes him even hotter perhaps trying to be the odd one out or perhaps it does shwo he cant transform into the american lifestyle in- 0:29

Jay seans clothin of now wearing hats/ caps and no longer has the long spikey hair can show his emphasis on his beauty and narcissm.

Alongside this his friends are now of a different ethnicity not the same showing how he has developed and changed , and perhaps no longer in touch with his asian friends/ side.

His clothing of the baggy jeans and trainers again reinforces a causal americanised fashion.

driving an expensive - car / full speed, 3 cars behind him, following him? -> action like, or just security? 0:09
sunglasses /chains/ rings - (bling) designer - USA americanisation
pitbull rapping rather than Jay sean
girls  come up to him + look at him etc
him standing stairing at girls, he can choose which one he wants ? 0:29
pitbull the one rapping
1:04 + 1:08 -> poses - like a photoshoot , acting superior
still wearing kara- religious symbol alongside materialistic watch/bracelets etc
girl seducing jay -> in comparision to 2003 video
singing to girl
standing near car -> car = a gateway and way for women-> women as golddiggers?
girl goes away  jay doesnt go after her - male dominance, status - 1:24
" i want this for the rest of my life" - > older ? marriage?
gets into car and drives away
white suit - classy sophisticated - no longer wearing hoodies/tshirts etc
hot tub in boat 1:57 -
women in bikinis etc
bring sunshine - brigting sunshine like lighting -> emphasising the exotic location - throughout video


Issues and debates
Representation and stereotyping; ->
Sterotyping of Asians and the Underground music industry in Jay Seans dance with you video
Representation of Americanisation of new music and of the music industry

Regulation and censorship;


 The effect of globalisation on the media.

Theories
Semiotics;
signs and symbols ->
 Postmodernism and its critiques;
 Gender and ethnicity;
 Colonialism and Post-colonialism;
 Audience theories;
Genre theories.

Tuesday 27 November 2012

Critical Investigation Research !

Despite the global success of Jay Sean, why is there still a lack of successful British Asian artists? Is this due to post-colonial attitudes or Asian cultural traditions?

Brian Smith Barbara Kiviat
2005
C
hasing Desi DollarsWednesday, Jul. 06, 2005
·         “Sean talks about being a kid and starting a band in England with his cousin,
He also talks about listening to bhangra music, choosing singing over medicine as a career and picking a Bollywood actress to star in his latest music video.”

·         “During the 1990s the number of Indians in the U.S. more than doubled--making them the fastest-growing Asian minority. There are some 2.5 million desis in the U.S”

·         "We speak English, but we don't speak the same language," says Vivek Sharma

It's Hinglish, innit?

By Sean Coughlan
BBC News Magazine


By Sean Coughlan
BBC News Magazine

By Sean Coughlan
Glenn , St Helens
Wednesday, 8 November 2006

By Sean Coughlan
BBC News Magazine
 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/6122072.stm hybrid of English and south Asian languages= HINGLISH
·         “a hybrid of English and south Asian languages, used both in Asia and the UK - now has its own dictionary.

·         “For the young are linguistic magpies, borrowing from any language, accent or dialect that seems fashionable”

·         “Goodness Gracious Me used Hinglish”
·         “He started rapping at the age of 12 but moved into R and B, reportedly due to the difficulties getting into the British rap scene with his Punjabi Indian heritage, and thanks to his talent for singing.”

·         “He released his debut album "Me Against Myself" in November 2004 in Britain…spawned two top 10 hit singles there, while also selling strongly in India.”

·         "I have a heavy fan base in many countries including India. I'm in a minority culture but in many countries, there’s still Indians there and they all knew me," he said.

·         The singer said it was no surprise to his parents when he switched from studying to singing……"They knew there might be a strong possibility I'd do music," he said
.
·         "They told me, 'The same way you apply yourself to your studies you have to work hard doing music.' That's always stayed with me."

Asian artists celebrated the AMAs like we do the Brits and Mobos?http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/musicblog/2011/mar/10/asian-music-awards
·         “When the AMA’s started 10 years ago, the UK Asian Music awards could have ended up being just another niche event…. A decade later, and they've become a showcase for cutting-edge talent and a platform for artists such as Jay Sean and Rishi Rich.”

·         “Many Asian artists in the US and in the Indian subcontinent see breaking the UK as a sign of success and critical credibility.”

·         “It's ironic….that the US has been more open to British Asian talent than the UK. For example, Jay Sean, the most successful British Asian act of all-time, knocked the Black Eyed Peas off No 1 in America with his single Down in 2009. However, his success only came after he parted company with Virgin and set up his own label.”

·         “Part of the reason why the mainstream music industry has been slow on the uptake is because of its lack of awareness about sales figures.”

·         “Before YouTube and MySpace, albums by artists such as Apache Indian exchanged hands in Asian video stores and markets, and were promoted largely through word of mouth and the (growing) Asian media.”

·         Bands including Asian Dub Foundation were critically acclaimed but never really gained mainstream traction.

·          In an industry that deals in simple categorizations, British Asian music didn't fit snuggly into established genres, such as the one-size-fits-all world music category, as it is very much a British phenomenon from the streets of Southall and Leicester.

·         While the AMAs has faced some of the criticism that the Mobos received about "ghettoising" Asian music, they have really served the purpose of drawing mainstream attention to underground genres, demonstrating that there is more to Asian music than Bollywood and Bhangra.
·         R&B singer Mumzy Stranger, who has been nominated in the best male and best album categories, says:
"British Asian music is full of talent just like any other scene. It's taken such a long time because Asians have slowly become more diverse. The talent has always been there but the confidence and support has lacked."

·         Also, while acts such as Jay Sean, with his brand of R&B have been accused of not being particularly representative of young British Asians' concerns, these accusations seem to come mainly from people who don't know what it's like to be young, British and Asian.

·         Sean’s parents are Pun­jabi Sikh immigrants –
 “our community had never, ever, had one of us doing R&B pop music,” he says but quickly spread.
·         Today, “I can touchdown in any country in the world and hear my song on the radio or see a poster or something. It blows my mind. It re­ally does.”

·         I imagine you had to fight certain stereotypes, being an Asian trying to make a career in R&B?
I think the stereotypes were, ‘You’re an Indian, why aren’t you singing in an Indian dialect?’ and ‘Why are you doing bhangra music, not Bollywood?
’ I always found that extremely ignorant. It’s not racist, it’s just… ignorant. If you were a Scottish rapper, how ignorant would I sound if I said, ‘Why don’t you put bagpipes in your songs?’ I guess as time went by I was judged less on the obvious things like my colour and my background and people just judged the product. Which is how it should be?
·         Do you feel you’ve outgrown the ‘Asian musician’ label?
Absolutely. I’ve always said the only thing Asian about my music is me. And I’m proud of that. But when you have that tag – ‘British-Asian singer’ – it’s very hard to shake it. But it’s all good, man. Proving yourself is good.

·         “The reasons for that lack of success are easy to determine: America has long led the world in western black music – blues, rock'n'roll, soul, funk and R&B all emerged from the US, as did their greatest practitioners.”

·         “The dominant global musical force of the last 20 years, hip-hop, emerged as a black American form, before mutating into different musical strains as it conquered the world”

·         I don't think you can underestimate how difficult it is to break America in any genre if you're a British artist," says Mark Sutherland, global editor of Billboard,

·         “Jay Sean and Taio Cruz, by any standards, have done something fairly remarkable by getting to No 1." says Mark Sutherland, global editor of Billboard,

·         Many in the industry are wondering whether or not their success suggests there are more British urban acts capable of making a successful Atlantic crossing.
·         "First to show that a lot of people are angry about the BBC's decision to close down the Asian Network, and secondly, that it directly affects the vitality of fusion Asian music created in the UK." said organizer Sunny Hundal

·         “Hundal, the editor of political blog Liberal Conspiracy, said “the protest was the next stage in the campaign. "Asian Network reaches nearly a quarter of all British Asians every week and many of those listeners will be abandoned by this move," he added.”

BBC non-executive director Samir Shah last night re-opened the debate about the lack of top level managers from ethnic minorities in British TV,”
Despite 30 years of trying, the upper reaches of our industry, the positions of real creative power in British broadcasting, are still controlled by a .....largely liberal, white, middle class, cultural elite - and, until recently, largely male and largely Oxbridge

ACADEMIC RESEARCH

         Issues In Americanisation And Culture By Neil Campbell, Jude Davies, George McKay 2004

1.       Europeans do in their consumption of America popular culture. Few for example enter a Kentucky Fried Chicken ...  p (5)

2.       ‘America is the original version of modernity. We are the dubbed or subtitled version’ “Baudrillad 1988 :76 p (5)

3.       Hollywood, literature , the music industry and tv ...contribute to an “Americanisation” process at home that “translated” immigrants from many different narions into Americans p (8)


         Coping With Two Cultures: British Asian and Indo-Canadian Adolescents  By Paul Avtar Singh Ghuman 1993

1.       “apart of folk wisdom in Britain and north America to claim that second generation Asian young people suffer from a so-called identity crisis” p13

2.       Are they Indian, English, British Muslims or Asians” (13/ viii)

3.       Before the Second World War the population of Asians living in Britain (Kondapi, 1949) was around 5,000 included 1,000 general medial practitioners (2)

4.       Immigration to the UK increased dramatically after WW2, The 1948 Nationality Act gave commonwealth citizens the right to enter the UK without visas or work permits (2)

5.       In Britain the position of the first generation is summarised succinctly by Rex & Tomlinson 1979 (20)

6.       In British Columbia(Canada) there is a positive attitude towards muliculturalism whereas in England such initiatives have been reserved since the early 1980’s (Tomlinson 1991; Troyna 1990) (23)

7.       Children of these immigrants are less sure of their personal and social identities.
They have been described by academics and others as a half-way generation (Taylor 1976)
a generation suffering from ‘culture clash’ ( Thompson, 1974)
or youngsters who have the best or worse of the two worlds (Ghuman, 1991)
from immigrants to ethnics (Rex and Thomlinson 1979) (22)

1.       Asian Americans represent one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in the US. While in 1960 they represented less that 1% of the total US population.


2.       Bhangras penetration of the national popular music market was an unprecedented feat facilitated by the music industry marketing machinery that challenged Hindi film musics monopoly and initiated the regionalization of the Indian music industy (123)

3.       Alex Seago asks “whether or not the global presence of MTV in itself signifies the development of  a uniform Americanized capitalist monoculture (2005:125) p 130

4.       “birth of an Americanized global mtv generation were refuted by the indigenization of contemporary pop culture, citing India as one of the most obvious examples  130

5.       Cultural gatekeepers 135

 ·         Post-Modern-Ism , A graphic guide to cutting- edge thinking, Richard Appignanesi & Chris Garratt with Ziauddin Sardar & Patrick Curry
1.       “Third world postmodernism is as diverse as Third World cultures themselves” p162

2.       “traditional non-western music has become fair game for postmodern appropriation” p161

3.       “While gangsta rappers sing of disposed ghetto dwellers, most of their fans and listeners....[are known as] wingers -> white niggers p141

·         Ali Rattansi ; RACISM,a very short introduction
1.       “british colonial authorities’ attempted racial classification of the Indian population.” P50

2.       “Ashis Nandy’s brilliant exploration in ‘Intimate Enemy [1983], there was no single stereotype only contradictory ones that characterised European imperial discourses on Indians p49

3.       “the recent historiography of India is now united around the argument that British colonial administrators in thie attempt to classify the Indian population for purposes of more efficient rule....[and] failed to understand the complexity and fluidity of indain caste division “ p51

4.       “Arguments common in the 1980’s ...that the real racists are not indigenous whites but the black and Asian immigrants who insist on keeping ..their own ways of life while still wanting to claim full rights as British citizens and turning whites into ‘second class citizens’.” P 101

“expectation that settlers in Britain will cast off their original culture and adapt to British ways. The notion ‘hyphenated British’ has as yet not caught on (Watson 1977) page:9

Ballard & Ballard (1977) in their detailed and extensive work on Sikh communities made quite clear .....’culture conflict between “traditional” repressive parents and their freedom seeking “anglicised” children will exist